RESUMO
Abstract We analyzed floristic variations in fern's metacommunity at the local scale and their relationship with abiotic factors in an Atlantic Forest remnant of northeastern Brazil. Floristic and environmental variations were accessed on ten plots of 10 × 20 m. We performed cluster analyses, based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index to establish the floristic relationship. The influence of abiotic factors: luminosity, temperature, relative air humidity and relative soil moisture was evaluated from a redundancy analysis. We found 24 species belonging to 20 genera and 12 families. The fern's flora showed high floristic heterogeneity (>75% for most of the plot's associations). The fern's metacommunity was structured along an abiotic gradient modulated by temperature, luminosity, and relative soil moisture.
Resumo Analisamos as variações florísticas na metacomunidade de samambaias em escala local e sua relação com fatores abióticos em um remanescente de Floresta Atlântica no Nordeste do Brasil. Variações florísticas e ambientais foram acessadas a partir de dez parcelas de 10 × 20 m. Realizamos análises de cluster, baseado no índice de similaridade de Bray-Curtis para estabelecer relações florísticas. A influência de fatores abióticos: luminosidade, temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e umidade relativa do solo foram avaliadas a partir da análise de redundância. Encontramos 24 espécies pertencentes a 20 gêneros e 12 famílias. A flora de samambaias exibiu uma elevada heterogeneidade florística (>75% para a maioria das associações entre plots). Observou-se que a metacomunidade de samambaias estava estruturada ao longo de um gradiente abiótico modulado pela temperatura, luminosidade e umidade relativa do solo.
Assuntos
Gleiquênias/classificação , Biodiversidade , Meio Ambiente , Brasil , Adaptação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , FlorestasRESUMO
Mitochondria are central key players in cell metabolism, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) instability has been linked to metabolic changes that contribute to tumorigenesis and to increased expression of pro-tumorigenic genes. Here, we use melanoma cell lines and metastatic melanoma tumors to evaluate the effect of mtDNA alterations and the expression of the mtDNA packaging factor, TFAM, on energetic metabolism and pro-tumorigenic nuclear gene expression changes. We report a positive correlation between mtDNA copy number, glucose consumption, and ATP production in melanoma cell lines. Gene expression analysis reveals a down-regulation of glycolytic enzymes in cell lines and an up-regulation of amino acid metabolism enzymes in melanoma tumors, suggesting that TFAM may shift melanoma fuel utilization from glycolysis towards amino acid metabolism, especially glutamine. Indeed, proliferation assays reveal that TFAM-down melanoma cell lines display a growth arrest in glutamine-free media, emphasizing that these cells rely more on glutamine metabolism than glycolysis. Finally, our data indicate that TFAM correlates to VEGF expression and may contribute to tumorigenesis by triggering a more invasive gene expression signature. Our findings contribute to the understanding of how TFAM affects melanoma cell metabolism, and they provide new insight into the mechanisms by which TFAM and mtDNA copy number influence melanoma tumorigenesis.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/genética , Melanoma/genética , Melanoma/metabolismo , Proteínas Mitocondriais/genética , Proteínas Mitocondriais/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/genética , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Carcinogênese/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/metabolismo , Regulação para Baixo/genética , Glutamina/genética , Glutamina/metabolismo , Glicólise/genética , Humanos , Mitocôndrias/genética , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Regulação para Cima/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismoRESUMO
We analyzed floristic variations in fern's metacommunity at the local scale and their relationship with abiotic factors in an Atlantic Forest remnant of northeastern Brazil. Floristic and environmental variations were accessed on ten plots of 10 × 20 m. We performed cluster analyses, based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index to establish the floristic relationship. The influence of abiotic factors: luminosity, temperature, relative air humidity and relative soil moisture was evaluated from a redundancy analysis. We found 24 species belonging to 20 genera and 12 families. The fern's flora showed high floristic heterogeneity (>75% for most of the plot's associations). The fern's metacommunity was structured along an abiotic gradient modulated by temperature, luminosity, and relative soil moisture.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Meio Ambiente , Gleiquênias/classificação , Adaptação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Brasil , Análise por Conglomerados , FlorestasRESUMO
Objetivou-se avaliar resposta inflamatória e concentrações de proteínas em líquido peritonealde asininas submetidas à ovariectomia por laparotomia e laparoscopia. Foram utilizadas 18 fêmeas adultas, pesando em média 100kg, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos, de nove animais cada: o grupo I, em que foram ovariectomizadas por laparotomia, e o grupo II por laparoscopia. Após as cirurgias, em ambos os grupos foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis no líquido peritoneal: pH, densidade, número de hemácias, leucócitos e proteínas de fase aguda (fibrinogênio, haptoglobina, albumina, antitripsina, alfa-1 glicoproteína ácida, ceruloplasmina, transferrina, imunoglobulinas A e G). Todas as variáveis foram analisadas antes das cirurgias, 12, 24, 48, 72 horas, oito e 16 dias após os procedimentos cirúrgicos. O número de hemácias e leucócitos aumentou 24 horas depois das cirurgias nos dois grupos. Haptoglobina, alfa-1 glicoproteína ácida,albumina, transferrina, gamaglobulinas A, G e proteínas totais aumentaram nos dois grupos. As concentrações de ceruloplasmina não variaram enquanto a antitripsina não foi detectada no líquido peritoneal de asininos.Foi identificada uma proteína com23.000kD, que não tem denominação nem descrição no líquido peritoneal de asininos.(AU)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory response and protein concentrations in the peritoneal fluid of donkeys submitted to laparotomy and laparoscopic ovariectomy. Eighteen adult females, weighing on average 100kg, were divided into two groups, of 09 animals each, where in group I, they were ovariectomized by laparotomy and group II by laparoscopy. Following the surgeries, the following variables were evaluated in the peritoneal fluid: pH, density, number of red cells, leukocytes and acute phase proteins (fibrinogen, haptoglobin, albumin, antitrypsin, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, Immunoglobulins A and G). All variables were analyzed before the surgeries, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, 8 and 16 days after the surgical procedures. The number of red cells and leukocytes increased 24 hours after the surgeries in both groups. Haptoglobin, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, albumin, transferrin, gammaglobulins A and G, and total proteins increased in both groups. Concentrations of ceruloplasmin did not change while antitrypsin was not detected in the asinine peritoneal fluid. A protein of 23,000kD, which has no name or description in the peritoneal liquid of donkeys, has been identified.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Equidae/anormalidades , Laparoscopia/veterinária , Laparotomia/veterinária , Ovariectomia/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Abstract We analyzed floristic variations in ferns metacommunity at the local scale and their relationship with abiotic factors in an Atlantic Forest remnant of northeastern Brazil. Floristic and environmental variations were accessed on ten plots of 10 × 20 m. We performed cluster analyses, based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index to establish the floristic relationship. The influence of abiotic factors: luminosity, temperature, relative air humidity and relative soil moisture was evaluated from a redundancy analysis. We found 24 species belonging to 20 genera and 12 families. The ferns flora showed high floristic heterogeneity (>75% for most of the plots associations). The ferns metacommunity was structured along an abiotic gradient modulated by temperature, luminosity, and relative soil moisture.
Resumo Analisamos as variações florísticas na metacomunidade de samambaias em escala local e sua relação com fatores abióticos em um remanescente de Floresta Atlântica no Nordeste do Brasil. Variações florísticas e ambientais foram acessadas a partir de dez parcelas de 10 × 20 m. Realizamos análises de cluster, baseado no índice de similaridade de Bray-Curtis para estabelecer relações florísticas. A influência de fatores abióticos: luminosidade, temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e umidade relativa do solo foram avaliadas a partir da análise de redundância. Encontramos 24 espécies pertencentes a 20 gêneros e 12 famílias. A flora de samambaias exibiu uma elevada heterogeneidade florística (>75% para a maioria das associações entre plots). Observou-se que a metacomunidade de samambaias estava estruturada ao longo de um gradiente abiótico modulado pela temperatura, luminosidade e umidade relativa do solo.
RESUMO
O objetivo do estudo é avaliar o efeito da reestruturação da Assistência Farmacêutica (AssistFar) no município de Aracaju-SE. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo longitudinal, de fevereiro a junho de 2011. Para avaliação da Assistência Farmacêutica foi utilizado um banco de dados documental, gerado pelo "Sistema de Controle de Administração de Materiais" e aplicaram-se os indicadores do Instrumento de Auto-Avaliação para o Planejamento da Assistência Farmacêutica (IAPAF) do ?Planejar é Preciso?, que aborda tópicos de acordo com o ?Ciclo da Assistência Farmacêutica?. A aplicação do instrumento foi realizada em três momentos na prática da AssistFar no município de Aracaju. Para análise de cada indicador levou-se em consideração os níveis de qualidade classificados de 1 a 3, sendo o nível 3 o melhor estágio. A maioria dos resultados evidenciou o fortalecimento da gestão após a criação de procedimentos e a inclusão de estratégias de monitoramento dos indicadores de avaliação no plano municipal de saúde. As etapas de institucionalização dos serviços perante a gestão foram as que apresentaram os melhores resultados. Enquanto que a etapa de prescrição foi considerada a mais crítica do processo. Os dados mostram que a falta de ações de desenvolvimento da AssistFar contribuíram para a presença de resultados insatisfatórios, principalmente nas etapas de prescrição e dispensação, sinalizando a necessidade de elaborar uma estratégia de gestão que vise sua reformulação. Neste cenário, é preciso incorporar às equipes de saúde mais farmacêuticos que atuem em todas as etapas da AssistFar, promovendo uma gestão racional de medicamentos...
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the restructuring of Pharmaceutical Services (AssistFar) in the city of Aracaju (capital of Sergipe, Brazil). We conducted a retrospective, longitudinal survey, from February to June 2011. A document database generated by the "Materials Management Control System" was analyzed, to assess the pharmaceutical services, by applying the indicators of the Self-Assessment Instrument for Pharmaceutical Services Planning (IAPAF) that are defined in the government-proposed" Planning is Necessary" method, which covers topics referring to the various steps in the "Cycle of Pharmaceutical Services". This instrument was applied to three stages in the practice of AssistFar in the city of Aracaju, within the study period. For each indicator, the quality of each step was graded from 1 to 3, level 3 being the best. Most results showed a strengthening of management after the establishment of procedures and inclusion of strategies for monitoring the quality indicators, for the municipal health plan. Steps towards the institutionalization of management services showedthe best results. In contrast, the step of prescription was considered the most critical of the Cycle. The data showed that the lack of AssistFar development actions contributed to the unsatisfactory results, especially in the steps of prescribing and dispensing, signaling the need to develop a management strategy that aims to recast it. In this scenario, it will be necessary to involve the health teams, plus the pharmacists, in the work at all stages of AssistFar, promoting the rational management of medicines...
Assuntos
Humanos , Assistência Farmacêutica , Sistemas Locais de Saúde/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
Through a quanti-qualitative study, we observed the effects of group expressive therapy (ET) sessions on patients' feelings and sense of well-being, as part of the Infusion of Life project. This project is part of a broader programme to improve integral care, developed by an interdisciplinary team headed by a medical doctor who is also an artist and expert in ET. We offered 48 group ET sessions to a total of 253 outpatients with cancer or autoimmune disorders receiving venous infusions in the chemotherapy room of University Hospital Antonio Pedro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The qualitative analysis showed that the programme was a pleasant way to spend time, revived their sense of humour, relieved symptoms, provided meaningful experiences, improved their relationships with staff, enabled expression of their feelings, stimulated them to be creative, improved coping resources and reorganisation of the psyche, and renewed their perspective on life. Family and spirituality were major sources of support. Expressive therapy was shown to be flexible and applicable in small spaces, using recycled materials, even with patients with restrained movements; it can also offer great benefits with relatively small investments if a qualified team is in charge of planning, executing, and auditing the work.
Assuntos
Neoplasias/psicologia , Psicoterapia de Grupo/métodos , Estresse Psicológico/terapia , Adaptação Psicológica , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Poejo is an aromatic and medicinal plant native to highland areas of south Brazil, in acid soils with high Al3+ concentration. The main objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of liming on the extraction yield of essential oil of three chemotypes of poejo (Cunila galioides Benth). For this purpose, the experiments were performed in a greenhouse, using 8-litre pots. The treatments were four dosages of limestone (0, 3.15, 12.5, and 25 g.L(-1)) and a completely random experimental design was used, with four replications and three chemotypes, set up in a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement. The parameters evaluated were dry weight of aerial parts, essential oil content and chemical composition of essential oil. Results showed that liming affects the biomass production, essential oil yield and chemical composition, with cross interaction verified between chemotype and limestone dosage. For the higher dosage lower biomass production, lower yield of essential oil as well as the lowest content of citral (citral chemotype) and limonene (menthene chemotype) was observed. In the ocimene chemotype, no liming influence was observed on the essential oil yield and on the content of major compounds. The dosage of 3.15 g.L(-1) can be considered the best limestone dosage for the production of poejo for the experimental conditions evaluated.
Assuntos
Lamiaceae/química , Óleos de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Biomassa , Carbonato de Cálcio/farmacologia , Lamiaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Lamiaceae/metabolismo , Óleos de Plantas/química , Distribuição AleatóriaRESUMO
We have investigated how edge effects influence the fern community of Jaguarão Forest (08º 35' 49" S and 35º 15' 39" W), located in the district of Rio Formoso, Pernambuco, Brazil. A comparative analysis was made of the interior and edge of the fragment of forest, regarding the richness, abundance and diversity of ferns in the two areas. Six plots of 10 × 20 m were chosen, three in each area. A total of 381 ferns were recorded, which were distributed among 25 species, 17 genera and 12 families. The two areas (edge and interior) were found to differ, with distinct relative air humidities and temperatures (p = 0.00254 and p = 0.00019, respectively). The interior showed higher diversity (t = 7.251 and p = 0.018) and richness (t = 6.379 and p = 0.023) than the edge area, but the same abundance (t = 1.728; p = 0.226) as the edge. Regarding the composition of the flora, it was clear that the interior is a habitat completely distinct from the edge with regard to the fern community, given that only one species, Adiantum petiolatum Desv., was common to both environments. It was concluded that the edge effect causes a decrease in richness and abundance of the fern species found in Jaguarão Forest, where the more sensitive species are being replaced by species that are tolerant to the disturbance caused by the creation of an edge.
Assuntos
Ecossistema , Gleiquênias/classificação , Biodiversidade , Brasil , Gleiquênias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Densidade DemográficaRESUMO
Elionurus muticus naturally occurs in southern Brazil and its economic potential is due to the presence of essential oils. There are few studies about this genus. Thus, the aim of the present study was to characterize native E. muticus populations. The study was performed with five "capim-carona" populations collected in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, totaling 50 plants grown in pots in the Agronomy School. All five E. muticus populations presented variability for phenotypic traits and phenolic compound concentration. The presence of citral was identified in all populations, except in that from the "Morro da Polícia" region. RAPD analysis showed high variability for these populations, allowing the separation of individuals into five groups according to their geographic origin. The highest variability occurred within each population. Based on the results, the populations from São Borja and Agronomy School can be recommended to be used in breeding programs.
Elionurus muticus ocorre naturalmente no sul do Brasil e o potencial econômico se deve ao fato da presença de óleos essenciais. Poucos estudos têm sido desenvolvidos para este gênero. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar populações nativas de E. muticus. O trabalho foi realizado com cinco populações de capim-carona coletadas no Rio Grande do Sul, totalizando 50 plantas cultivadas em vasos na Faculdade de Agronomia. As cinco populações de E. muticus apresentaram variabilidade para os caracteres fenotípicos e para concentração de compostos fenólicos. A presença de citral foi identificada em todas as populações, exceto a do Morro da Polícia. A análise de RAPD demonstrou elevada variabilidade para as populações, permitindo a separação dos indivíduos em cinco grupos, sendo possível, de modo geral, agrupá-los de acordo com a origem geográfica. Observou-se também que a maior variabilidade ocorreu dentro de cada população. Os resultados indicaram que as populações São Borja e Faculdade de Agronomia podem ser recomendadas para a utilização em programas de melhoramento.
Assuntos
Fenótipo , Plantas/anatomia & histologia , Plantas/genética , Brasil , Variação Genética , Óleos Voláteis , Compostos Fenólicos , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA PolimórficoRESUMO
The objective of this study is to verify and compare the effects of acepromazine-tiletamine-zolazepam and propofol used in anesthetic protocols for semen collection by electroejaculation from captive collared peccaries. Ten sexually mature animals were physically restrained and anesthetized by either intravenous administration of tiletamine-zolazepam (2mg/kg) after acepromazine premedication, or a propofol dose of 5mg/kg. The onset of anesthetic recovery was determined by the animals regaining consciousness and attempting to stand. Semen was collected by electroejaculation and evaluated for volume, pH, sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology, percentage of live cells and functional membrane integrity. Six anesthetized animals with the acepromazine-tiletamine-zolazepam protocol showed erection, but semen could be collected in only four (40%) attempts. Of the animals anesthetized using propofol, nine showed erection, and the ejaculates were collected in eight (80%) attempts. Furthermore, propofol afforded rapid recovery of animals, and ejaculates with enhanced sperm motility and functional membrane integrity as compared with those collected by the other protocol (P<0.05). In conclusion, use of propofol for anesthetic restraint of collared peccaries enhanced collection of semen by electroejaculation.
Assuntos
Anestesia/métodos , Artiodáctilos , Recuperação Espermática , Acepromazina/administração & dosagem , Anestesia/veterinária , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Animais de Zoológico , Ansiolíticos/administração & dosagem , Artiodáctilos/fisiologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Ejaculação/fisiologia , Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Masculino , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Recuperação Espermática/veterinária , Tiletamina/administração & dosagem , Zolazepam/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Pluchea quitoc DC. (Asteraceae), a plant widely distributed throughout Brazil and popularly known as "quitoco", "madre-cravo" or "tabacarana", is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation, as well as of digestive and respiratory diseases. The anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of the ethanolic extract (EE) from aerial parts of this plant were evaluated in mice and rats. Oral treatment with the EE (1-2g/kg, p.o.) decreased the paw oedema induced by carrageenan in rats, showed anti-nociceptive effects on the tail-flick test and on acid-induced writhing in mice, and inhibited both phases of pain (neurogenic and inflammatory) of the formalin test in rats. Topical application (EE 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0mg) inhibited the ear oedema induced by croton oil in mice. The results support the folkloric use of the plant in inflammatory processes.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Asteraceae , Edema/prevenção & controle , Dor/prevenção & controle , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Ácido Acético , Administração Oral , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Carragenina , Óleo de Cróton , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Feminino , Formaldeído , Temperatura Alta , Masculino , Camundongos , Dor/induzido quimicamente , Componentes Aéreos da Planta , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , RatosRESUMO
Some dietary flavonoids inhibit thyroperoxidase and hepatic deiodinase activity, indicating that these compounds could be classified as anti-thyroid agents. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro effect of various flavonoids on thyroid type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase activity (D1). D1 activity was measured in murine thyroid microsome fractions by the release of 125I from 125I-reverse T3. D1 activity was significantly inhibited by all the flavonoids tested; however, the inhibitory potencies on thyroid D1 activity differed greatly among them. A 50% inhibition of D1 activity (IC(50)) was obtained at 11 microM baicalein, 13 microM quercetin, 17 microM catechin, 55 microM morin, 68 microM rutin, 70 microM fisetin, 72 microM kaempferol and 77 microM biochanin A. Our data reinforce the concept that dietary flavonoids might behave as antithyroid agents, and possibly their chronic consumption could alter thyroid function.
Assuntos
Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Iodeto Peroxidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Cinética , CamundongosRESUMO
Since the enantioselective pharmacokinetic profiles of R,S-sotalol in cardiac patients are controversial, the present investigation aimed to study the kinetic disposition of sotalol enantiomers in patients with tachycardia. Thirteen cardiac patients, who gave their written consent, were included (6F/7M; 53 +/- 12 yrs, 66 +/- 13 kg, 163 +/- 8 cm height). They had tachycardia, normal renal function and had been chronically treated with tablets of sotalol 160 mg b.i.d. The patients were submitted to blood samples collection at zero, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h after drug administration. The quantitation of sotalol enantiomers were performed by a stereoselective HPLC method with fluorescence detection previously published. A one open compartment model was applied and the main pharmacokinetic parameters obtained for R-/S-sotalol were, respectively (Mean +/- SD): CSSMAX = 1007 +/- 307/1040 +/- 340 ng/mL; TMAX = 1.82 +/- 0.6/1.83 +/- 0.6 h; AUCSST = 6959 +/- 2153/7388 +/- 2563 ng.h/mL; CISSr/F = 2.7 +/- 1.2/2.5 +/- 1.2 mL/min/kg and VdSS/F = 1.9 +/- 0.9/2.0 +/- 1.0 L/kg. The pharmacokinetic parameters of R,S-sotalol were within the published range and the kinetic parameters for the isomers were grouped as two independent samples and statistically compared. In conclusion, stereoselective pharmacokinetic for sotalol was not observed in cardiac arrhythmic patients, i.e., both R- and S-sotalol enantiomers have the same pharmacokinetic profile.
